Explore the Science

What a decade of polar plankton research has taught us.

Plankton Base grew out of ten years of Antarctic and Arctic fieldwork by Dr. Allison Cusick and Dr. Martina Mascioni. Below is a plain-language tour of what that science has actually shown — followed by the peer-reviewed papers behind each finding.

What we've discovered

Four things we now understand about polar plankton — and didn't before.

Each of these findings comes from the peer-reviewed studies listed further down the page.

A brand-new species of Antarctic plankton

During an exceptional bloom on the western Antarctic Peninsula, molecular sequencing revealed that the naked dinoflagellates driving it belong to a previously undescribed species in the Gymnodinium group — a genuinely new organism on the tree of life.

From: Mascioni et al., 2025 — molecular evidence for a new Gymnodinium species

The first close-up of plankton in unmonitored fjords

Before this work, most Antarctic phytoplankton research happened offshore from research vessels. Sampling from expedition ships gave us the first detailed picture of what actually blooms in the nearshore fjords where glaciers meet the sea — and how those communities shift through the season.

From: Mascioni et al., 2019 — Polar Biology

A living signal for polar climate change

Nearshore plankton communities on the western Antarctic Peninsula respond directly to shifts in the Gerlache Strait's oceanographic fronts. That makes them a sensitive, measurable indicator of how one of the planet's fastest-warming regions is actually changing.

From: Mascioni et al., 2023 — Frontiers in Marine Science

Polar tourism can produce real, rigorous science

Travelers on expedition vessels — trained and supported by scientists on board — can generate peer-review-quality oceanographic data at a scale no single research cruise could. This is the framework Plankton Base carries forward.

From: Cusick et al., 2020 — Oceanography
Highlight papers

The most-cited studies behind these discoveries.

Start here if you want the foundational science in the researchers' own words.

Full library

The complete publication library, most recent first.

Every peer-reviewed paper produced through the FjordPhyto program that Plankton Base carries forward.

  1. 2025
    Cusick et al. · 2025

    Can a citizen science project enrich travellers' experience in Antarctica? Case study of a preliminary evaluation of the FjordPhyto project

    The Polar Journal — Public Engagement with Polar Regions (special issue)
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  2. 2025
    Mascioni et al. · 2025

    Molecular evidence reveals that naked dinoflagellates that formed an exceptional bloom on the western Antarctic Peninsula belong to an undescribed species within the Gymnodinium sensu stricto group

    Peer-reviewed (PubMed)
    Read publication
  3. 2021
    Mascioni et al. · 2021

    Microplanktonic diatom assemblages dominated the primary production but not the biomass in an Antarctic fjord

    Journal of Marine Systems
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  4. 2020
    Cusick et al. · 2020

    A Helping Hand in Phytoplankton Research

    ECO Magazine
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  5. 2019
    Cusick · 2019

    Citizen Scientists in Antarctica: FjordPhyto Approach to Understand Climate Change Affected Environments

    Narrative Inquiry in Bioethics
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